Demography, urbanization and development: Rural push, urban pull and … urban push?

Urbanization, Rural–urban Migration and Urban Poverty

Push and Pull Systems

Data broadcasting has emerged as an efficient way for the dissemination of information over asymmetric wireless environments where the needs of the various users of the data items are usually overlapping. In such environments, data broadcasting stands to be an efficient solution since the broadcast of a single information item is likely to satisfy a possibly large number of users. Communication...

Urbanization and Rural-Urban Migration

This chapter considers the literature on urbanization and migration to cities from rural areas in developing and middle-income countries. The chapter assesses recent patterns, discusses traditional models, addresses more recent models of migration, presents some of the recent findings from the micro-econometric literature, and closes with a discussion of the role of cities in economic growth. C...

Push and pull in Europe

Expansion of the EU now looks set to take place but the major efforts to develop common policies continue to be stymied by national differences, no more so than in on the issue of genetically modified (GM) crops, as Nigel Williams reports. But other moves are aiming to draw together Europeans in an effort to exploit closer collaboration as Michael Gross reports below.

Push-pull farming systems.

Farming systems for pest control, based on the stimulo-deterrent diversionary strategy or push-pull system, have become an important target for sustainable intensification of food production. A prominent example is push-pull developed in sub-Saharan Africa using a combination of companion plants delivering semiochemicals, as plant secondary metabolites, for smallholder farming cereal production...